Effects of Personal and Social Factors on Consumers’ Participation in Virtual Communities

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Ph.D. Student in Business Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University,Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Nowadays virtual communities play significant role in different business aspects, which is why competition between virtual communities is growing; as a result studies which are conducted to determine factors affecting consumers’ participation attract specialist’s attention. The aim to write this article is considering personal and social factors which affect consumers’ participation in virtual communities.  In this respect, mixed method research (qualitative and quantitative) has been conducted in this study. First semi-structured interview with experts has been analyzed by directed content analysis technical, and then research model was tested by quantitative method. Quantitative research result has shown personal and social factors, especially which were identified exploratory had significant effect on consumers’ participation. Personal exploratory factors were consisting of; personality type, job expert, defects of real space, also identified social factors revealed that subjective norms, group norms and social identity had effect on consumers’ participation in virtual communities.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects


Abercrombie, N. & Longhurst, B. (2007). The Penguin dictionary of mediastudies. London: Penguin Books.
Ashford, J.B. & Lecroy, C.W. (2013). Human behavior in the social environment. A multidimensional perspective. Belmont: Brooks/Cole.
Babbie, E. (1992). The practice of social research, New York, Macmillan.
Bagozzi, R.P. & Dholakia, U.M. (2002). Intentional social action in virtual communities. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 16(2), 2-21.
Bagozzi, R.P. & Lee, K.H. (2002). Multiple routes for social influence: the role of compliance, internalization, and social identity. Social Psychology Quarterly, 65(3), 226-247.
Bagozzi, R.P. (1992). The self-regulation of attitudes, intentions, and behavior. Social Psychology Quarterly, 55(2), 178-204.
Bagozzi, R. P., Dholakia, U. M., & Pearo, L. K. (2007). Antecedents and Consequences of Online Social Interactions. Media Psychology, 9(1), 77- 114.
Baumeister, R.F. (1998). The self. In D. T. Gilbert, S. R. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (pp. 680–740). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Bratman, M.E. (1997). I intend that we J. In G. Holmstrom- Hintikka, & R. Tuomela (Eds.), Contemporary action theory, vol. 2 (pp. 49– 63). Dordrecht, the Netherlands, Kluwer.
Chase, L., & Knebl, K. (2011). The social media sales revolution. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0071768504.
Chau, E., Lin, C. & Huang, H. (2016). Fairness and devotion go far: Integrating online justice and valueco-creation in virtual communities. International Journal of Information Management, 36(1), 60–72. 
Cheung, C.M.K. & Lee, M.K.O. (2010). A theoretical model of intentional social action in online social networks. Decision Support System, 49 (1), 24–30.
Christy, M.K., Cheung, P.C., & Matthew K.O. (2011). Online social networks: Why students use Facebook? Computers in Human Behavior, 27(4), 1337-1343.
Chung, D. S. & Kim, S. (2008). Blogging activity among cancer patients and their companions: Uses, gratifications, and predictors of outcomes. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59(2), 297–306.
Davari, A. & Rezazadeh, A. (2013). Structural equational models with PLS Software. (in Persian)
Dholakia, U.M., Bagozzi, R.P., & Pearo, L.K. (2004). A social influence model of consumer participation in network- and small group based virtual communities. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 21(3), 241-263.
Eagly, A.H. & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Flanagin, A.J. & Metzger, M.J. (2001). Internet Use in the Contemporary Media Environment. Human Communication Research, 27(1), 153-181.
Fornell, C. & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluation structural equation models with unobserved variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research. 18(1), 39-50.
Hars, A. & Ou, S. (2002). Working for Free? – Motivations of Participating in Open Source Projects. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 6 (3), 25-39.
Holloway, I., & Wheeler, S. (2010). Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare. (3rd ed). Chichester,West Sussex, U.K., Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell.
Hsieh, H- F., Shanon, & Sara, E. (2005). Three Approaches to Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277-1288.
Kelman, H.C. (1958). Compliance, identification, and internalization: three processes of attitude change. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2(1), 51-60.
Kinnally, W., Lacayo, A., McClung, S. & Sapolsky, B. (2008). Getting up on the down-load: College students’ motivations for acquiring music via the web. New Media & Society, 10(6), 893–913.
Leung, L. (2007). Unwillingness-to-communicate and college students’ motives in SMS mobile messaging. Telematics and Informatics, 24(2), 115–129.
Manian, A. & Ronaghi, M.H. (2015). A Comprehensive Framework for E-marketing Implementation by Meta-Synthesis Method Journal of Business Management, 7(4), 901-920. (in Persian)
Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative content analysis. Forum, Qualitative Social Research, 1(2). Retrieved March 10, 2005, from http://www.qualitative- research. net/ fqs-texte/2-00/02-00 mayring-e.htm
McKenna, K.Y. & Bargh, J.A. (1999). Causes and consequences of social interaction on the Internet: A conceptual framework. Media Psychology, 1(3), 249–269.
Meyrowitz, J. (2002). Media and behavior—A missing link. In McQuail’s reader in Mass communication theory. London: Sage Publications Ltd.
O’Murchu, I., Breslin, J. G. & Decker, S. (2004). Online Social and Business Networking Communities. SWWC'04 Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Application of Semantic Web Technologies to Web Communities,  Valencia, Spain — August 23 – 27.
Oliveira, M.J. & Huertas, M.K.Z. (2015). Does Life Satisfaction influence the intention (We-Intention) to use Facebook? Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 205–210.
Perugini, M. & Bagozzi, R.P. (2004). The distinction between desires and intentions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 34(1), 69-84.
Roshandel, F. (2017). Role of social networks websites in improvement of customer relationship and brand. Journal of Business Management, 8(3), 587-606.
(in Persian)
Sadegh, M.H., & Shahosseini, M.A. (2015). Determining effective characteristics on ADSL internet users’ behavior in Iran. Journal of Business Management, 7(2), 427-444. (in Persian)
Shen, A.X.L., Cheung, C.M.K., Lee, M.K.O. & Chen, H. (2010). How social influence affects we-intention to use instant messaging: the moderating effect of usage experience. Information Systems Frontier, 13(2), 157-169.
Sledgianowski, D. & Kulviwat, S. (2009). Using social network sites: the effects of playfulness, critical mass and trust in a hedonic context. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 49(4), 74-83.
Taleghani, M. & Mehdizadeh, M. (2015). Investigate the effect of moderating role of E-marketing on relationship between marketing capabilities and performance of companies. Journal of Business Management, 8(2), 355-374.
Tuomela, R. (1995). The importance of us: A philosophical study of basic social notions. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Tuomela, R. (2005). We-intention revisited. Philosophical Studies, 125(3), 327-369.
Wang, Y. (2013). Customers’ perceived benefits of interacting in a virtual brand community in China. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 14(1), 49-66.
Wellman, B. & Gulia, M. (1999). Net-surfers don’t ride alone: Virtual communities as communities. In B. Wellman (Ed.), Networks in the global village: Life in contemporary communities (pp. 331–366). Boulder, CO 7 Westview Press.
Zahor, A., & Karimi, M.H. (2003). Information analysis in qualitative studies, Journal of mental health principles, 19(20), 107-113. (in Persian)
Zhou, T. (2011). Understanding online community user's participation: a social influence perspective. Internet Research, 21(1), 67-81.