A Multi‑Criteria Evaluation Model for Assessing Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Readiness Level Based on the Isenberg Framework Using the Fuzzy Delphi and Best–Worst Method

: This study aims to design, develop, and present a comprehensive, data-driven framework for assessing the readiness level of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Iran. The necessity of this research stems from the fact that, in recent years, many policy and operational interventions have been implemented without relying on scientific, evidence-based models, leading to non-targeted resource allocation and reduced effectiveness of actions. The proposed framework is not only capable of identifying and prioritizing key dimensions and components of the ecosystem, but is also designed to enable continuous monitoring of the current status, comparative analysis with other ecosystems, and informed decision-making. The main audience for this framework includes policymakers, support institutions, investors, startup stakeholders, and researchers in the field of innovation.

This research adopts a quantitative, multi-stage approach consisting of a systematic review, the Fuzzy Delphi method, and the Best–Worst Method (BWM). First, using a meta-synthesis approach, the theoretical literature and empirical studies related to entrepreneurial ecosystem assessment were reviewed and analyzed, resulting in the identification of a broad set of initial components. These components were then structured into a questionnaire and presented to a panel of national experts, with the Fuzzy Delphi method applied to evaluate, refine, and reach consensus on them. This step removed less influential components and enhanced the scientific validity of the final list. Next, the selected components were categorized according to Isenberg’s six-dimensional model to provide a comprehensive analytical framework. Finally, the components were ranked and prioritized using the BWM. This combination of methods improved the model’s accuracy, reliability, and replicability.

The analyses revealed three major dimensions—Finance, Human Capital, and Markets—as the primary drivers influencing the readiness level of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The Finance dimension encompasses factors facilitating resource acquisition for new and innovative ventures. Human Capital focuses on cultivating knowledge, skills, and technological capacity—critical elements for the survival, growth, and competitiveness of innovative businesses. The Markets dimension highlights the importance of competitive structures, the capacity to absorb innovations, and opportunities for entrepreneurial growth. Meanwhile, the dimensions of Supportive Institutions, Policy, and Entrepreneurial Culture, although having less direct weight, play a fundamental role in fostering interaction and cohesion among other ecosystem components.

The developed framework, simultaneously leveraging Isenberg’s six-dimensional model and two robust analytical methods, provides an effective tool for evaluating entrepreneurial ecosystems and monitoring their evolution. Findings indicate that policy emphasis on diversifying financial resources, investing in skill enhancement and entrepreneurship education, and developing transparent and competitive markets can significantly improve ecosystem readiness and resilience. Furthermore, strengthening supportive institutions, establishing stable policies, and cultivating an innovation-friendly culture are essential to achieve a sustainable and adaptive ecosystem. This framework offers a solid foundation for forward-looking, evidence-based policymaking and can outline a coherent pathway toward entrepreneurial ecosystem development in the country.