استخراج عوامل مؤثر بر فرایند شکل‌گیری حاکمیت شرکتی در اتحادهای استراتژیک از نوع سرمایه‌گذاری مشترک بین‌المللی با استفاده از روش مرور نظام‌مند

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری، گروه مدیریت سیاست‌گذاری بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: راهبرد تشکیل سرمایه‌گذاری مشترک بین‌المللی، یکی از انواع اتحادهای استراتژیک اصلی است که با وجود پیچیدگی‌های زیاد، به‌واسطه مزایای متعدد، بارها از آن استفاده شده است. حاکمیت ‎شرکتی نیز از جمله عواملی است که به موفقیت این استراتژی منجر می‌شود. با وجود این اهمیت، تاکنون در موضوع نحوه شکل‌گیری حاکمیت ‎شرکتی در سرمایه‌گذاری‌های مشترک بین‎المللی، پژوهش جامعی صورت نگرفته و معمولاً فرض بر این بوده است که مؤلفه‌های حاکمیت ‏شرکتی در حالت عام را می‌توان به مفهوم سرمایه‌گذاری‌های مشترک بین‌المللی تسری داد؛ اما نظر به پیچیدگی این مفهوم، تعمیم ابعاد مختلف حاکمیت ‏شرکتی در حالت عام به سرمایه‌گذاری‌های ‏مشترک‏ بین‎المللی کار درستی نیست. به همین دلیل، این مقاله سعی دارد تا به شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر شکل‌گیری حاکمیت ‎شرکتی در تشکل‌های یاد شده بپردازد و مراحل متناظر آن را ارائه کند.
روش: برای دستیابی به این هدف، با استفاده از روش مرور نظام‌مند، در مجموع 400 پژوهش طی یک سال، استخراج و از میان آنها 60 مقاله و پژوهش به‌شکل عمیق بررسی شد.
یافته‌ها: شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر شکل‌گیری حاکمیت ‎شرکتی در سرمایه‌گذاری‌های مشترک بین‌المللی که متشکل از مشخصات والدین، ارتباطات میان شرکا، موضوع‌های کلان و انتظارها و برداشت‌های والدین است، همراه با 19 زیرمقوله و 75 کد (عامل) زیرمجموعه، از جمله یافته‌های اصلی این مقاله بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: از آنجا که در پژوهش حاضر، تعداد زیادی از عوامل به شکل‌گیری الگوی حاکمیت شرکتی در سرمایه‌گذاری‌های مشترک بین‌المللی منجر شد، نگاه به این موضوع ژرف‌نگری خاصی را می‌طلبد و نمی‌توان آن را همانند پدیده‌ای ساده نگریست. به بیان دیگر، این موضوع از چندبُعدی و پیچیده‌بودن مفهوم شکل‌گیری حاکمیت شرکتی در سرمایه‌گذاری‌های مشترک بین‌المللی حکایت دارد و می‌توان از ابعاد مختلفی به این مفهوم پیچیده نگریست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Extracting the Effective Factors on Corporate Governance Formation in Strategic Alliances with Focus on International Joint Ventures through Systematic Literature Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hadi Sadegh 1
  • Mohammad Ali Shah Hosseini 2
  • Ali Heidari 3
1 PhD., Department of Business Policy Making, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective
Despite its high complexity, the strategy of forming international joint venture (as one of the main types of strategic alliances) is one of the strategies to be frequently used because of its numerous benefits. Corporate governance is also considered as one of the factors that leads to the successful implementation of this strategy. In spite of the importance of this issue, there has been no comprehensive research on how corporate governance is formed in international joint ventures, and it has often been assumed that the components of corporate governance in general can be generalized to the concept of international joint ventures as well. However, given the complexity of this concept, it is generally unwise to generalize the various dimensions of corporate governance in general to international joint ventures. As a result, this study attempts to identify the factors affecting the formation of corporate governance in these kinds of organizations.
 
Methodology
The present research is conducted based on the systematic literature review method. For this purpose, the related literature was systematically reviewed over a period of one year (from September 2018 to September 2019). In the first step, while determining and specifying the subject of study, the research questions were developed in accordance with the research design. In the next step, the research protocol was designed and an appropriate mental model was designed accordingly. Subsequently, inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined. Accordingly, the comprehensive and systematic search began within the literature and 400 studies were considered. After classification, screening, and measurement of their quality (methodological assessment based on Caldwell's proposed method), 60 studies were finally examined in depth (through a detailed review of their abstracts, introduction, methodology, and results) and the required data were collected. Then, in the last step, the obtained data were classified, codified (using open coding method through Excel software) synthesized and finally summarized.
 
Findings
In general, all the factors that affect the corporate governance formation in international joint ventures can be classified into four main categories of parents’ characteristics, partnership interactions, macro issues, and parents’ expectations and perceptions. Each category also includes a number of subcategories and codes. A total of 4 categories, 19 sub-categories and 75 codes make up the factors that play a role in the formation of corporate governance in international joint ventures.
 
Conclusion
According to the diversity of detected factors, it can be concluded that formation of corporate governance in international joint ventures is a complex process and multi-dimensional concept which cannot be undermined and treated like other types of organizations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corporate governance
  • Strategic alliances
  • International joint ventures
  • Formation pattern

مراجع

حسنقلی‌پور، طهمورث؛ حیدری، علی؛ جلالی، سید حسین (1397). بررسی نقش عملکرد خاستگاه ملیتی شرکا در عملکرد اتحادهای استراتژیک. پژوهش‎های مدیریت در ایران، 2(22)، 32-50.
شاه‌حسینی، محمد علی؛ حیدری، علی؛ اعرابی، سید محمد؛ قادری کنگاوری، صادق (1398). ارائه مدلی برای مدیریت اتحادهای راهبردی تحقیق و توسعه در صنعت خودروی کشور ایران. مدیریت بازرگانی، 11(1)، 25-44.
طالبی، کامبیز؛ سخدری، کمال؛ بیات ترک، فرزانه (1395). شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر شکل گیری سرمایه‏گذاری مشترک بین‌المللی موفق (مورد مرور: صنایع پتروشیمی). فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی مطالعات بین رشته‌ای دانش راهبردی، 7(25)، 33-50.
 
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مدیریت بازرگانی
دوره 12، شماره 1
1399
صفحه 64-93

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